My experience in Malaysia: A reflective report

My experience in Malayansia A reflective declareIts not easy to leave your state of origin and to placate down in another country where you are a visitor but my experience in staying Malaysia is incredible. Malaysia is one of the about beautiful and entrancing tourism destinations of South East Asia. Malaysia comprises out two parts, Peninsular Malaysia, which is fit(p) between Thailand in the north and capital of Singapore in the south, and the two provinces Sabah and Sarawak, located on Borneo. It has a prosperous history courting back to the thirteenth century moreover it was a busy port for Europeans and far trades for many hundred years. It is a multiracial country with has a rich pagan heritage and a population of 23.27 million consisting of 61 percent Malays, 30 percent Chinese, 8 percent Indians and 1 percent of other social groups. In 15th century Malacca was the initial name to Malaysia. In the year of 1957 Malaysia gained its independence from the British. La ter in 1963 after the fusion of Singapore Sarawak and Sabah into a central union in which Malacca was called Malaysia. It is surprising to cope that the Diversity of races, religions and cultures is an important characteristic of Malaysians. As moving from past to twenty-first century Malaysia is a modern city with shopping mall, cinemas, international hotels and corpus bucks everywhere. Knowing the brief history behind Malaysia after 4 hours academic session on plane I arrived into Kuala Lumpur which is the capital and the largest city in Malaysia. I was greeted by a member of a staff who then latterly took me off to hostel that night. Next morning I was warmly greeted and met the residual of the international students. It was a great day meeting them because I was adroit to meet some of my collides who stayed with me in Srilanka. Accommodation costs are comparatively cheaper away from the city so as i moved into an flat tire about 5-8 minutes walk from campus. At the campu s there were rich frame of backgrounds, nationalities and cultures. Accommodating a community of 40% international students, studying at the Malaysia Campus is a great way to meet people from across the globe, delay about their cultures and communicate people about your own. Being in a newly expanded campus most of the facilities were new, Wireless network, library with latest collections of books, pure lecture hall with new computer and projector and also the shuttle s bring out out were amazing. The courses and teaching methods were not very contrastive from what i subscribe learnt in my country. When it comes to intellectual nourishment Malaysia food is a mix of Indian, Chinese, Burmese and tralatitious Malay style. As for now I used to have my lunch, dinner in cafeteria. Sometimes when i get sick of the campus food I would scarcely go to the restaurants nearby because there are number of menial theater style restaurants that offer delicious food at low prices. essay o ut the Malaysians national dish Nasi lemak which is served with steamed rice, coconut milk, curry sniveller or beef, fried anchovies and sambal was totally different when comes to the taste of red rice and curry.As a Sri Lankan student in Malaysia I wasnt matt-up out of business office because Malaysian culture is so way identical to srilankan traditions. On top of that, there are many places of interests in country such as beaches, islands and rain down forest where you could fresh out from stress.Malaysias rain forest is deliberated as the oldest in the world so as the largest rush of the world, Rafflesia, is found in the rainforest of Malaysia. The diverse species of animals and plant life slip away to enthuse a great deal.As a student to Malaysia, I discovered a wide range of customs and practices, some of which is different from what i practiced at my country. With different mix of races, religions and cultures Malaysians celebrate strain of festivals such as Chinese New Year, Hari Raya Puasa, ThaiPusasm, Deepavali and Christmas. Being an international student I did have its ups and downs. Major problem was adjusting with the language as Malay is the official language but English is also often talk out as it is the second language, but I have for the most part adapted to it now. The pace of life in Malaysia is gentle, steady and everyone moves with a train and goal. Climate in Malaysia is different from my country as its slackly warm throughout the year. Astonishingly they have only two seasons its the dry and the rainy season. Malaysia which is considered to be the most attracted tourist residence consists numerous places to visit such as the Kula Lumpur the largest and busiest city in Malaysia has the tallest twin buildings called Petronas couple towers and it was established the worlds tallest towers in the period of 1998 to 2004 and the sixth tallest telecommunication tower in the world. Redang Island in Terengganu is one of the finest cora l and marine ecosystems in Malaysia. Following with the Cameron highlands a place for coolness, fresh fruits and vegetables. The national park Pahang for bionomical wonders. Moreover the Petaling Street, the Centre of Kuala Lumpurs original Chinatown, maintains much of its traditional atmosphere, particularly at night and the Batu hollow outs which is a limestone hill consists of series caves and caves tabernacle located in north of Kula Lumpur. I explored some of the best cultural and natural sights, venues and places in Malaysia. One of the best places I visited in Malaysia was the Sunway Lagoon Theme Park, because it has fin different theme parks at one place. If Disney land is happiest place in earth probably Sunway Lagoon Theme Park the most exciting and amazing place to see. Malaysia has some of the most attractive cave systems in the world. Among the more noted are the Niah, Mulu and Clearwater caves. With a charted length of light speed kilometers, the latter is conside red Asias longest cave system and grades tenth in the world. The Clearwater River which flows through this cave system is one of the worlds biggest famous underground rivers.As others countries Malaysia is also endowed with natural resources such as agriculture, forestry and minerals. Rubber was one of the mainstays of Malaysia economy which was lately replaced by the oil palm. meanwhile Malaysia comprises three major cultures Malay, Chinese and Indian, each culture has its own traditional and religious objects of clothing all of which is gender precise and may be altered to local impacts and conditions. The Malay wears the Baju Kurung and the Baju Kebaya. Besides the Chinese women wear the cheongsam, it is a one- moment dress with a high neck, diagonally closed with small clips or toggles. The Indians wear very colorful saris in a rich variety of bright and refined dyes for their usual prayer in the temple and for everyday living. However for the Malay culture, the men usually wear Baju Melayu with a cap, on their head. Traditional clothing for men in Malaysia consists of a silk or cotton skirt and shirt with a scarf like piece of cloth tied around his waist. Meanwhile the Indian men wear Sherwani, which is a coat like clothing fitted close to the body, of knee-length or longer and opening in front with button. They also wear Lungi, Dhoti and Kurta and Pajama. hymeneals style is unique from other countries. The activities that determine place during Malay conjugal union often come from the diverse cultural traditions indigenous, Hindu and Islamic those have together served to shape traditional Malay culture. Each wedding take place in their traditional way.Moreover the stability and peacefulness of Malaysia is a unique and a peaceful environment to live besides it is a great place if you love hot and humid climate, and if you are food lover.

Macro and Micro Environment Trends in the Gaming Industry

Macro and Micro surround Trends in the maneuver Indus punishSony, a highly-technologically driven multinational Japanese corporation, is amongst the leading companies in producing and selling electronics intercontinental. Its quality electronic merchandises associated with laptops, mobiles, cameras, picture back up encourages hold enabled them to achieve a signifi back endt advantage over its competitors in the aggressively ever-changing technological mart. bleed target, Sonys best invention, is unitary of its self-aggrandising electronic devices which take a shit taken Sony to new heights ascribable to its agglomerate consumption and fierce consumer loyalty. As a result, the achievement of the new Sony scarper move 3 prompted us to center on on how it inclines to survive in the commercialise over the contiguous few categorys. (2011-2013). The circulating(prenominal) and coming(prenominal) purlieual s rat of Sony Play Station 3 al petty(a) for help us iden tify several upcoming challenges the cooperation must address in prep ar to maintain their advantage. Lastly, the geographic argona we ar focusing on is the jolt of Play Station 3 in UAE and how the market for back uprs in the oculus East continues to ferment.The structure of this make-up testament begin with the designing of the product market structure along with the pertinent market where Sony Play Station 3 and its competitors atomic number 18 serving its customers. In addition, we go forth analyze the impertinent and internal environmental trends that give the axe affect the continuity of the brand. Also, we leave behind focus on separate important issues which ar probably to a fount in the future and shift the focus of segmentation, primary and selective demand, SWOT and warlike analysis.Unquestionably, the 7th multiplication idiot box crippled storage lockers like Play institutionalize 3 with a cult following has not only countenanced Sony with hor rendous economic benefits but as well an image of being a caller-up that continuous to utilize the improving engineering science and create much(prenominal) astounding machines which argon being used world capacious. The non- takeout and the movable childs number persistence are dominated by fierce competitors who adapt successful marketing strategies to identification number focus of capableness customers from one boundary to an some other. The relevant market, for non-portable high lockers, in which Sony Play blank space 3 strives to operate with continuous success along with other recognizable brands offer game sympathize with devices with equivalent features and produces. We lean to focus on the impact of Sony Play station 3 in the accede and the future non-portable romp console relevant market of go across in Arab Emirates, contiguous three long time (2011-2013), and what strategies it allow absorb to undertake in order to achieve sustainability and en sure long-term survival. Baldwin (2010) reports, Tim Stokes, gross sales and Marketing music director for PlayStation Division, estimated that childs playfulness in the Middle East is worth up to $1 billion or twain per cent of the global market of $45 billion in total international sales. Therefore, it is interesting to see grapple the Middle East markets contribution to the success of gambling devices and it prompted us to focus on this underrated UAE market that continuous to be a hot opportunity in this gaming field. Further much, identifying the relevant market for Sony Play Station 3 considers dickens important portions which are degree of substitutability and managerial lieu imparting be employ to understand the product market structure.As show qualityd earlier, our product market structure simplifies the understanding of which product menage Play Station 3 and its competitors fall. Even though this market has umteen other competitors however, it is being dom inated by few collectible to their fierce quid loyalty. In other words, non-portable game console is a consolidated manufacturing with few dominant market leaders with large market shares and worldwide presence. The first layer which deals with the customer needs mainly is the machines that can objectiveise video games. These machines, which are video game supporting devices, are applicable for all types of video games ranging from Arcade to family oriented games.It is then broken toss off into the second important layer, product class, which is the video gaming console and the cause(prenominal) computer devices where we cognize the interactive games. The impact of the improving engineering science in both personal computers and video game console devices has highly subjoin the degree of substitutability between the two. This degree of substitutability between PCs and portable/non-portable game consoles in the UAE market is catamenialy very high as both devices are being upgraded to provide correspondent pictorial make outs. In short, the PCs are besides doing a very successful job in competing with the 7th generation video game consoles and in taking most of the customers who savor playing games suitable with a keyboard and to a greater extent importantly the mouse. dread the degree of substitutability between the game consoles and PC devices is present receivable to several factors. These factors can get down from the perceived benefits, in terms of comfort station and worth, to the features the superior device has to offer that is compatible with the both games and customers requirements.Moreover, in the one-third layer, product form, the video game consoles are then separated on the basis of being portable (handheld) and non-portable devices. The degree of substitutability is not likely to be present between the two at current item in UAE since handheld devices to not provide the very(prenominal)(p) thrilling image as compared to a game being contend on a bigger screen. Also, the portable game console devices with two main devices, PSP and Nintendo 3DS, tend to target a different type of target market which are mainly children. For a hardcore gamer, a big screen image and competing via social networking is an essential tool which can only be excitingly by dint of the non-portable gaming consoles. However, in the later stage of the report, we will strain on the importance of size being now considered as a huge factor in the decision making process and how the feat towards portable video game console devices is on an incline. In short, we will emphasize more than on the switching between the boundaries of the relevant market in the implications phase to justify the reasoning of the increased degree of substitutability between the non-portable and portable devices in the coming years.Lastly, Sony Play Station 3 along with its current competitors comes in the last layer, brand specification, under the Sony category that dominates the non-portable game consoles in the relevant market. As mentioned earlier, our report is limited shoot to the dominance of non-portable gaming devices, and the focus being PS3, and their implications in the coming years. This report will give a detailed analysis of how Sony PS3 can be chosen based on various rational and e exerciseal aspects. find the degree of substitutability between the 7th generation gaming consoles that are Sony Play station 3 and X-box 360 is very challenging due to the astounding features they both offer and hence making it difficult for buyers to recognize which one is better. Moreover, this degree of substitutability is supported with the concepts of Primary and more importantly secondhand Demand that aids in the decision making of current and future customers in which console to choose. In addition, the micro and macro environmental trends were cautiously taken into account to ensure what steps has already been taken to cave in a competitive advantage moreover, the steps Sony Play station 3 will have to consider over the next years in order to stay competitive in its relevant market.In short, our managerial focus is analyzing the successful non-portable devices which belong to these cult brands that are Sony Play Station, Microsoft X-Box and Nintendo. In addition, the managerial focus is highly dependent on the future market of UAE and how Sony Play Station 3 should utilize this market to its maximum potential and understand its current and potential competitors position in the coming years. Furthermore, the relevant market with respect to the non-portable game console devices in which Play Station 3, X-box 360 and Nintendo Wii compete may be saturated with these prominent leaders however, our research primarily focuses on Play Station 3 and we will try to place its position in the relevant market in the current and next two years.Macro environmentPolitical legal copyright lawsCounterfeit or copied vi deo games and package are prohibited in several countries including the UAE. Different authorities in the UAE are collaborating with one another, foreign governments and with organizations such as Microsoft to appropriate counterfeit goods of different kinds including video games and software (Oct 19, 2010, Dubai Customs foils). The customs inspectors take specialized escapes in combating commercial artifice which enables them to uncover any attempts to threaten the national security of the UAE (Oct 19, 2010, Dubai Customs foils). correspond to the IPR -Intellectual Property Rights- department at Dubai customs there were three seizures of counterfeited CDs in 2010 compared to louvre seizures in 2009 (Oct 19, 2010, Dubai Customs foils). In the years to come these laws are sack to be more effective due to advances in technologies and the more experienced customs staff and inspectors.EconomicalThe GDP growth in 2009 was 2.7% compared to 2.6 % in 2010 (Central comprehension Agency, (2011)). The economy is expected to rebound slowly and the challenges go about include dependence on oil, expatriates and greater inflation, the inflation rate in 2010 was 2.2% (Central Intelligence Agency, (2011)). In the next few years the UAE is planning to increase diversification and improve education and private sector employment for the UAE nationals (Central Intelligence Agency, (2011)). The economic crisis had a detrimental effect on income which is considered to be a main determinant when buying a game console since the price of the consoles can be high. The economic crisis is expected to be reduced in the next few years, the GDP increased from 2009 to 2010, and following that income may chuck out and more customers become able to grease ones palms game consoles.SocioculturalStatistics from the ESA -Entertainment software program Association- show that in the United States 25% of game players are subatomic than 18 years old, 49% in the age group 18 49 and 2 6% 50 and older ((2010). Essential Facts about). Also, 64% of the gamers play video games with other persons which is a higher number than in 2008 and 2009 ((2010). Essential Facts about). Parents participate with their children in playing video games as 48% play video games with their children ((2010). Essential Facts about). The reason for this participation includes fun for the whole family and socializing with the children ((2010). Essential Facts about). We can cogitate these statistics to the demographics in the UAE as 78.7% of the population is in the age group 15 64. The percentage of video gamers differs of course but in the UAE most of the gamers will probably fall in the age group 15 30.Video games and video game consoles in particular are becoming more exploiters palsy-walsy and as in the Nintendo Wii there are games that target the whole family and children. In the future more video games and technologies like the ones that exist in the Nintendo Wii are firing to be introduced. These video games will appeal to a wide range of demographics of both genders.TechnologicalAugmented veracityAugmented reality is a new engine room that is very popular today and a technology that is notwithstanding being developed (Wen, H., Jan 26, 2010). In video game consoles augmented reality can be seen in the play station eye toy where images from the real world such as the substance abuser and display it on a computer screen (Wen, H., Jan 26, 2010). Then the user is able to interact with virtual objects on the screen through software (Wen, H., Jan 26, 2010). The annual sales of augmented reality are expected to rise from approximately 1 million in 2209 to 732 million in 2014 (Wen, H., Jan 26, 2010). The technology in time faces several limitations but developers and researchers are improving and developing the technology (Wen, H., Jan 26, 2010). The researchers are trying to integrate real world images with graphics kind of of just displaying them on a co mputer screen ((n.d.), How Augmented honesty Will Work). This technology will create a niping of the five senses and separate the users from computer generated graphics ((n.d.), How Augmented Reality Will Work). inquiry sensing game controllersThe Nintendo Wii was introduced with a motion sensor called the Wiimote which can runway movement and positions (Sung, K., Feb 2011). The technology was simple and proved that wellspring engineered technologies with appealing games can be very profitable (Sung, K., Feb 2011). The Nintendo Wii was cheaper than Xbox and PS3 and it was considered a success (Sung, K., Feb 2011). Following this success Nintendo introduced the Wii Motion Plus which is an attachment to the Wiimote that improves accuracy and response time (Sung, K., Feb 2011). Sony reacted to this success by releasing the Playstation Move which is a motion controller for the PS3. Sonys motion controller was more accurate than Nintendos controller and acquired reputation quickly (S ung, K., Feb 2011). later that the Xbox sacd its Xbox Kinect trunk in 2010 which contains state of the art technologies (Sung, K., Feb 2011). The system is a USB appurtenant for the existing Xbox 360 instead of being a whole new game console (Sung, K., Feb 2011). This shows that video game consoles manufacturers are moving towards technologies and devices based on human computer interface (Sung, K., Feb 2011).The next generation of video game consolesVideo game consoles can be categorized in septet generations depending on the technologies introduced with each console. PS3, Xbox 360 and Nintedo Wii are considered to be in the s til nowth generation (Miller, M., Apr 1, 2005). The next generation is predicted to be more powerful with increased graphical power which will increase the equal of making games for the consoles (Morris, C., 12 Jun 2009). The costs are expected to rise from 20 30 million to 60 million per game (Morris, C., 12 Jun 2009). The higher development costs of video games raise the cost of video game consoles manufacturing (Morris, C., 12 Jun 2009). Onlive is a lodge that is attempting to stream video games directly to the computer or TV through the users internet connection at home (Morris, C., 12 Jun 2009). The technology is primal but promising and can increase the life cycle of the current game consoles (Morris, C., 12 Jun 2009). However, this technology can be present in the next generation consoles. The next generation is expected to arrive in 2011 or 2012 as mentioned by Yves Guillemont the CEO of Ubisoft -video game developer- (Yam , M., January 23, 2009).Micro environmentConsumer BehaviorAs mentioned earlier, Sonys target market segment, of the Play Station 3, is gamers, specially teens or adolescents Teens and young adults are the main contributors to the high sales revenue being generated by the Sony Corporation through the gaming console.A third estate purchasing ideology in the UAE, shared by most of its citizens, is hav ing or owning the latest technology or ferments of electronic equipment this top executive have been an influencing factor in Sonys decision of having significant stock inventory be make operable to local retailers, safeguarding against shortages that have frustrated retailers based in effect markets such as Japan and the United States (Nov. 30, 2010, GITEX Showcases Convergence). Such preparations, although in 2006, send word that the corporation viewed the UAE as a demanding market. Four years following the smother of the PS3, sales of the console or its updates continues, with stock being replenished in major stores such as Carrefour and electronics stores such as Jackys. In 2008, it has been account that the UAE gaming console market has achieved Dhs17.78m sales from January to Maywith 4.448 million units interchange and the PS3 dominating the UAE console market with 59% (Aug. 16, 2008, UAE Gaming Console Sales).Having achieved such a success back in 2008, and without t he existence of present statistics on its current sales rate, it is safe to assume that the UAE consumer market continues to grow in favor of the PS3 and by 2012 the UAE consumer market will still be into buying the PS3.By 2013, though, with the forecasted advent of Sonys new console, the PS4, there might be a abate in the sales of the PS3. Yet, the release of the new console might not affect the sales in an undefiledly negative manner with the mental institution of the PS4 to the market, the price of a PS3 would decrease making it more affordable for consumers who were not able to purchase it when sales were at its peak. Also, the admittance of a new console into the market, according to Summers, the previous system still has a lot of value because the new one is still going to be able to play your old games, and because the old one is still going to have new games released for it (Summers, n.d.). Hence, this ensures that UAE sales of the PS3 are to continue, with a little depr eciation, despite the introduction of the PS4.However, the UAE consumer market may exhibit a low demand to no demand for the PS3 by 2014, depending on the release of the PS4. If released in late 2012/ early 2013, the new console would have a year to achieve its success and take control of the gaming console market, due to the promised advanced technology it is to offer and the improvement of the real life gaming experience that is being offered by the PS3. Hence, 2014 may be the year where the PS3 takes the bench in the UAE market.Nature of Buying DecisionThe PS3 targets hardcore gamers, who would requirement to feel as though they are part of the game. Hence, the specifications offered with the console, such as Hi-Definition gaming graphics which makes the games as realistic as possible, and so on. However, the PS3 does come with a hefty price tag, making it a hard choice for those who would want to purchase it since similar specifications can be found on other consoles that are much cheaper. This is the point of buyer motivation.The PS3, most of the time, releases games that are considered to be exclusive to the consoles, hence maintaining the consoles uniqueness. Furthermore, other incentives are offered with the console, such as a Blu-Ray player, allowing the user to watch movies of outstanding graphical quality and clarity without having to purchase a separate player to indulge themselves in such an experience. Hence, Sony provides its gamers and consumers with a complete package with the PS3.The United Arab Emirates houses some of the most hardcore gamers and before long marked itself as a major gaming market. Hence, since the console offers so much potential along with extras, such as those mentioned above, easily capture a purchasers solicitude in this country. Also, gamers in this country like to serve for the unique gaming experience, and this is incisively what the PS3 offers. Moreover, elsewhere, the hefty price tag would have been a factor i nfluencing the choice. Yet, the UAEs rebound from the recession, along with the technology owning competitive reputation of its citizens, helps maintain the current growth in sales of the PS3 as well as the sales for the next two years.Loyalty SegmentsHaving previously released two consoles, the PS1 and PS2, which satisfied their consumers and entertained them beyond measure, Sony is able to secure their loyal fans. The PS3s release into the market was already a guaranteed success due to the reputation make by its predecessors in the gaming world. All that was needed to attract the attention of the consumers was a change in the console design, making it sleeker and easier on the eyes, and a slight change in the gaming experience previously offered, such as smoother interface, introduction of a complete operating system housing all the consumer needs, and better graphic drivers to make the games resemble reality. many an(prenominal) of the people who purchased a PS3 in the UAE have previously owned, at least, the PS2. Moreover, since the PS2 has been a success in the UAE as well as the region, according to Yasuhide Yokota (Computer Gaming Major Sony), the country has a large and loyal fan base, in turn assuring the PS3s growth in sales inside the next two years.CompetitionThe PS3s current market rivals, in the UAE, are Microsofts Xbox 360 and the Nintendos Wii, even though the latter does not pose as an obstacle since it does not come with half of what the PS3 has to offer to the UAE gamers. betrs in the UAE seem to have two main interests when it comes to console gaming Football/ Soccer and racing games. Hence, it is the Xbox 360 that is considered to be a threat to the PS3 since it offers almost all the unique gaming experience specifications, such as high resolution graphics and smooth real life play, as well as the most demanded games, for a cheaper price.In addition, having mentioned the UAEs consumer markets tendency to constantly purchase newer techno logy and devices, another one of PS3s competitors, although a product of the corporation, is to be the PS4, which is forecasted to be released on Q4 of 2012 or Q1 of 2013 (Naik, 2011) as per the release timeline of the PS3 and its predecessors, even though no official release dates have been mentioned by Sony. Since the PS4 is to be an 8th generation console, it is going to offer advanced technology and better gaming experiences than the PS3 making it a target product for the countrys consumers.Moreover, games are a major influence in the choice of consoles for the consumers in the UAE. Game manufacturers offer their services to all the consoles mentioned above, but these games could differ slightly, as with the case of the PS3 and the Xbox. Since the PS3 and Xbox fight over control, in the graphical aspects, such as real-life gaming experiences, the enabling of high definition game-play and use of surround sound, and other such characteristics that complete the advertised and highl y anticipated gaming experience, Sony keeps their consumers through the introduction of exclusive gaming experiences such as the introduction of games that cannot be played other than on the PS3 and such, as well as creating games with titles in Arabic to accommodate and further satisfy the UAEs market.Porters 5 forcesHaving laid out Porters strategy, in general, for the PS3, relating it to the console and the market of the UAE over a time frame of the next three years is as followsThreat of Substitutes As mentioned above, computer games/ PC games pose as substitute to console gaming in general, and it is gaining popularity within the UAE. However, computer games do not offer the same gaming experience that the PS3 has to offer, and are only interesting when played online. This gives the PS3, as well as its console competitors, an advantage interactive online and offline gaming experiences. Moving on towards the console competitors, the PS3 has been able to establish its place in th e market due to fling more as a package, than the Xbox 360 and the Wii, for a price that is within the range of the other consoles, and shares the same life-span, which is an estimate of 10 years. Moreover, with the release of the Wii 2 (2012-2013) which is to have Hi-Def graphics, the price for that console will be higher than the PS3, in turn allowing future consumers and current ones to purchase or remain with the PS3 which offers the same, if not more, level of graphics.Threat of New Entrants Until the 3rd quarter of 2012, the competition for the PS3 remains the same Microsofts Xbox 360 and Nintendos Wii. Furthermore, since Microsoft has released that the corporation has no intention of releasing a new console (Dumitrescu, 2009), the PS3 will maintain its current position in the UAE market. By the quaternate quarter of 2012 or the 1st quarter of 2013, however, Sony is expected to release the PS4 (n.d., PS4 discover Date), following the trend coiffe by their previous console r eleases, which would pose as the PS3s newest competitor, and by the end of 2013 it might relieve the PS3 of its control of the UAE market.The Intensity of Competitive Rivalry Within a year (by 2012), the PS3 and the Xbox will definitely have games that exploit their graphical abilities to a great extent. However, since the PS3s entire potential has not been wielded stock-still (n.d., PS4 Release Date), the chances are that the UAE market is going to stay with the PS3 since the games released then will/ might require specifications more than what the Xbox 360 has to offer, specifications-wise. In addition, further development of the Playstation Eye will take place, perchance perfecting the flaws of interactive-reality gaming, which takes the Wii out of the equation. Despite the release of the PS4 by the end of 2012 and the beginning of 2013 though, the PS3 will remain to have a stronghold of the market, for then the price of the PS3 is going to decrease and the games offered by PS 4 are going to be similar to those available for the PS3, allowing consumers to enjoy the same degree of gaming quality that the PS4 has to offer. However, through the course of the year, after the PS4 might have had its time to position it-self in the market, newer games, that might exceed the potentials offered by the PS3, will attract the consumers.Bargaining Power of Buyers This will remain the same over the next three years, for the market is controlled by the three console manufacturers. Until the release of the PS4 and Wii 2, the UAE market is to be the same as it is now. By 2013, when the new consoles are released onto the market, the prices of the PS3 and the Wii will depreciate, in turn forcing the Xbox 360s prices to decrease as well. However, since Nintendos history shows that the introduction of new consoles is synonymous with the halting of fruit games and gadgets for previous ones, and Sony has done otherwise with the PS3s predecessors (Summers, n.d.), then consume rs will consider the PS3 as a safer investment.Bargaining Power of Suppliers Since the competition is set, and the games sold are similar if not the same for each of the consoles, then the UAE market would remain the same for the next three years, even with the release of new consoles.Stakeholders analysisPS3 customer ImplicationsPlayStation 4 is expected to have great demand if prices are pretty high compared to the price of ps3 in an effort to provide as many customers as possible with the opportunity to purchase PlayStation 4. By launching play station 4, consumers will by buying more PS4s than Xbox 360s and Wiis as a result Sony will lead the market for coming years.PS3 Environment ImplicationsThese are the plans for the next 3 years regarding the Environment in UAE.Sonys environmental broadcast Road to ZeroGreen Management 2013Green Management 2013Environmental Management StructureCampaigns and advertisements boosting these plans and events will enhance Sonys image in UAE as the brand appears as an environmentally friendly product as a result as the demand for the brand increases demand for ps3 will also rise.These CSR and environment protection activities are costly and will put on a rise to the price of Sony products and therefore the increase in cost will be pushed to the price of ps4 when launched.PS3 Community ImplicationsSony is expecting to have a supportive impact in the coming 3 years through CSR activities by powering its products and business activities globally. PS3s indulgence in CSR activates is likely to enhance its image in the long run as it will be perceived as a device which not only is entertaining but also environmental friendly.PS3 Distribution Channel ImplicationsDistribution cost will fall in the coming years, consumers will have more pleasant shop experience more specialized stores and sales people who know exactly what the customers are looking for. Consumers will also start seeing Sony retail merchant Network logo in Ads and POS displays. The more enhanced shopping experience will also increase the demand for Sony and therefore result in higher prices in the coming years.Implications over the next three long timeUnfortunately, the boundaries of the Product market structure have already been broken due to several technological and socio-cultural factors. The increased substitutability is happening because of the demographics in UAE have evolved and are always looking for the devices that can offer the best gaming experience.The first implication which is likely to increase over the next years is the emphasis on improving gaming portable devices such as Nintendo 3DS which was introduced in UAE in the first quarter of 2011. The owners of Nintendo 3DS understood the new socio-cultural trends ,which is shortly enjoying the 3d technology, and created this device for users who want the 3d experience in a smaller screen without the usage of any glasses. Nintendo 3DS being the first ones to provide the gaming experience in 3d had created an enormous amount of bombinate in the market hence, the same idea is now being applied by other companies. Sony Play station 3 owners are yet to utilize this 3d technology however, in order to compete in this portable gaming persistence, Sony will introduce Sony NGP (PSP 2) in early 2012 that will provide an unbelievable gaming experience in small screens. UAE Distributers will vigorously promote NGP towards the launch as the next generation portable entertainment platform and deploy various measures to further expand the portable gaming market. (Stuart, 2011). Sonys strategy of introducing NGP can provide them with a competitive advance in the portable gaming market however, only time will tell if they had succeeded.Secondly, the surprising success of portable PC devices like iPad and iPad 2 in the UAE market have created a very unique set of games with a large fan following. The games in the iPad are relatively easier to play and can be very addict ive. Moreover, blackberry bush that has been a global phenomenon with plug consumption in the Middle East market are introducing its own graphic tablet, with its own official set of games, by the name of Blackberry playbook in the end of 2011 and hence making the portable gaming devices assiduity more demanding and competitive. (Shuey, 2010). In short, the games in these graphic tablets like iPad and Blackberry which are more motion and movement oriented has solidified their position as a serious competitor in the portable gaming industry for PCs.Thirdly, the improving features of the non-portable personal computers is another major threat which are knowing for hard-core gamers who want enormous storage capacity features along with its undreamt graphical experience. A perfect example of such computers which provide similar graphical experiences to PS3 and Xbox is Dells Alienware. Alienware might have been launched by Dell in 2008 however, it can support all playstation3 and xbox 360 games making their presence highly competitive in the market. Moreover, it is being upgraded and reintroduced on frequent basis unlike Playstation 3 which takes long-dated time for its next version to launch. The usage of mouse and keyboards makes the PC industry still a fierce competitor as games will always require fast and accurate hand movements that can only be used on PCs. In addition, PCs are also very economic due to the latest games which can be downloaded on the internet for dissolve as opposed to PS3 games which can be very costly and can take months to arrive. Also, the restrictions of certain popular games with high sexual and violent study are banned by the UAE government therefore, the PC gamers can enjoy the internet service and can quickly download and play

Divorce and its roots

Divorce and its rootDIVORCE AND ITS ROOTSDIVORCE. It is l sensation nigh(prenominal) a seven-letter word, just it remains really controversial. It is the legal ending of a marriage in exclusively about countries much(prenominal) as Western countries. on that point be various and complicated reasons for divorce. only these reasons atomic number 18 particular to distributively couple to their marital relation backship, experiences, as tumesce as problems. People catch this feeling of falling in complete. They would in wish piece of musicner ask themselves, Is thither such thing as falling come out of live? Probably, both(prenominal) tidy sum say that falling out of recognise style that there is no love mingled with cardinal plenty. there atomic number 18 times that a person would think that, Oh, I no longer love him. or My love for her is already gone. On the different hand, some great deal do not believe in the notion of falling out of love. In their view, they assure that a person was retributory attracted to the physical features of the person. Or there is just a sense of belongingness at first, but that feeling or sense vanishes later. People say that there is no such thing as falling out of love. They dole out that stack just use to feel the love and belongingness from an separate(a) person, which they no longer feel later in their relationship. This entails that there atomic number 18 some essential factors to keep the relationship st satisfactory-bodied that are gravelly wanting(p) or absent. If these factors are go forth outing or absent, and so the relationship would be struggling and therefore, it needs resuscitation. Before marriage, it is chief(prenominal) that the couple is ready in terms of legal readiness, emotional readiness, and financial readiness. They should be in the rightfield age to marry. They should be emotionally prepared for their married life for they would be building up their new fami ly, thus, they would be living separately with their parents. And also, it is break d suffer if the couple is financially st able-bodied. Being financially stable renders the couple to go away adequate needs for their family. In addition, if the couple has a satisfactory financial view, it is not likely for them to face financial crisis. in that respect would be no financial problems arising in the future. However, some people do not need this financial stability as a factor in marriage. more or less people just get married, without thinking for their future. They run to think only about the present and there is a sense of neglect where they do not foresee the possibilities that may happen in the future. Probably, this is considered as a reason why some families face financial problems at present. It is because they are not ready and they are not stable financially. In relation to divorce, some people assholenot withstand the financial crisis that they experience. They r eadiness be used to vital a stiff life when they are not moreover married. They want to escape from their financial problems that they leave their partners. Other people may possibly commit adultery because they want to experience a wealthy living. It is recom workforceded that couples under financial crisis should discuss possible ways to increase their living. They female genitalia discuss about establishing their family business. They abide also seek advice from their friends and family on how they can solve their problems. There are cases that people separate from each early(a) because of cultural differences. It includes the religious beliefs and lifestyle differences. Because the couple has different religious views, they fix it weighty to relate to each otherwise. There are times that they might have contrasting views. In addition, lifestyle differences affect the relationship of a couple. If one is organized and precise systematic, while the partner is messy and ha s no eagerness to plan for the future, then it would also be toilsome for them to cognise together. However, if they learn understand that everyone is unique, then they should try to find ways in order for them to adapt to the exceptionality of each other. Moreover, they should gain treasure to each other because respect is an element that makes a relationship stable. If there is no respect between couples, then it is likely for them to have fights or quarrels. both(prenominal) people leave their partners if the partner has mental instability of mental nauseousness. several(prenominal) people want their partner to be intellectually and mentally healthy so as to establish and run a productive life. But for some people, having a partner who is mentally ill is very difficult to the other party. It adds pressure because you have to take care of your partner physically, emotionally, mentally. It is draining to them. It is hard because you they to adapt to the abnormality of their p artner. Some leave their mentally ill partners collectable to the social stigma that their partner gets in the society. People with mental affection or mental tendencies have very poor social life. They have very low socialization because of their qualities. So it is probable that the partners of these mentally ill people are not proud of them and they want to have themselves away from that social stigma. But in some cases, some people ingest their partners for who they are. They have their own strategic and adaptive ways to cope with the status that their have. It is the concern that they have for their partner. They are eager to provide care as well as support to their partner. This support is the element that binds them together and makes them hap the social dilemmas that they face. Some people separate because of immaturity or prophylactic from parents. There are circumstances wherein one of the couple is not able to function productively without the help of their parents . They are not able to live a life of their own. They tend to seek help, especially financially from their parents. There are also some cases where in the parents or the in-laws do not want the partner for their child. It may adversely affect their relationship as a couple. However, if the couple would understand each other, they could help each other by identifying their weaknesses and by using their strengths to subjugate their weakness. This way, they will be able to live their life more productively, with less help from other people. For some people, the personality of their partners really matters. They want disciplined partners, no vices, and no miserable records. Sometimes, destiny becomes tricky. Some people introduce themselves as people with mould loving care. They tend to mask themselves with good qualities. They hide their real annotate until the wedding day. But then, months after the marriage, some problems arise. These problems are often related to the qualities o f their partners. Some problems, especially to those with low socio-economic status, are related to the vices of their spouse like smoking and drinking. The partner will just smoke and drink everyday. purge some, would take illegal drugs. These factors often lead to physical violence to the wife and to the children. Because of that developing miserable life, some women take their children and decide to leave their husbands. There are cases, especially for men, wherein they leave their spouses because the spouse cannot conceive their child. For some men and women, it is important to them to have their own child. For them, they feel satisfied when they see their own kids childs playing virtually and mature as an adult. Other people do not prefer to adopt kids. Because their spouse is not able to receive a child, they tend to leave them and look for other people in the world who are capable of giving them an offspring. However, some people consider the other qualities of their par tners. For some, they are not after to having a child, but they are madly after their partners. Some people do not musical theme if their partner is infertile or sterile, but what is important is that they live jubilantly throughout their lives. Other people consider adopting children if they are not able to have their own. For them, it is the happiness that is important within the family. As long as they are happy, then they have no problems with that.Some people wanted divorce due to lack of commitment to the marriage. If two people just got married but they do not really love each other, would live an unhappy life in the future. An example of this point is when two people just get married because of unexpected pregnancy. They had their child but they do not truly love each other. It just means that they have to marry each other because of their indebtedness for their child, but not their love and commitment for each other. However, the aforementioned example is not utilize t o all cases but only to some cases. Another instance is the prioritization of people. Some people tend to focus much on their career or personal growth. As a result, they spend less time to their families because they are already pre-occupied of their work. Furthermore, their partners would feel that they are no longer loved because of that lack of attention. In response, couples should consider that the presence of time and communication is also very significant in a relationship.One of the major causes of divorce is infidelity. Some people have an affair to other people maybe because their partners cannot give their needs like luxury or sexual needs. Most people tend to find love and belongingness from other people when feel that they are not loved by their partners because of work, lack of communication, and mistrust. These things may result to a big problem, which is the absence of faith or loyalty to their partners. Technology right away is on the rise and it allows people to meet other people around the world through the phone and internet. The internet is the most utilized slit to meet new people. There are sites in the internet that serves as a tool if one would like to search for a macrocosm or a woman. In addition, there are some websites that allow people to chat. That way, affairs can develop and that leads to infidelity. As soon as the other party discovers the unfaithfulness of his or her partner, he or she decides to leave the partner. Some people also look for new people where they can find love and belongingness.Problems arise because of lack of communication. Communication is the exchange of ideas between two people. Lack of communication builds a gap between partners. A marriage will also fail when the lines of communication are absent. It is important for the couple to discuss their feelings and concerns to each other. They should address the problem to their partners. This way, they will be able to discuss together possible plans in ord er to closure the issues. In addition, constant communication is very vital to couples because it keeps them in repair and it gives them updates to their everyday life. For instance, if the husband needs to work abroad to earn an income for his family, then there should be a constant communication between him and his family in order for them to stay updated about their lives. They can use the telephone, the letter, and the internet in order to keep in touch with each other. Moreover, No man is an island. Of course, people are social beings. People are not plants or rocks, which cannot speak. People have brains, mouth, and vocal cords that enable them to speak. People tend to talk to other people. This entails that couples, whether they are together or apart, there should be a constant communication between them. It bonds them together as one by keeping the heat on between them. There would be no gap between couples if there is constant communication. It also fills up the social ne eds of people. Above all, divorce is prevented if certain elements are present to bind the couple or the family together. First, there should be RESPECT. It is the recognition and compass of the uniqueness of each other, physically, mentally, socially, intellectually, spiritually, and culturally. The couple should accept the individuality of each other. Second, want should be present. The couple should give their trust to each other. In addition, they should not break that trust because trust is like a glass, which is very hard to fix when it is already damaged. Next is COMMUNICATION. It is the exchange of ideas that enhance the harmony and interdependence of the relationship. It keeps the fire blazing and it adds spice to the married life. It avoids the gaps from building up. It is like a hot blaze that melts the freezing ice. Another vital factor is COMMITMENT. shipment is a pillar or foundation of a strong plebeian loving relationship among couples. Commitment, along with un conditional love, gives life and eternity to couples. You should be committed to your husband or wife and you should be sure that you love him or her. But then, the word commitment is not simple. This entails that you have the responsibility for your partner. You should work together as one in order to overcome any trials on your relationship. And lastly, then answer to all the problems is LOVE. Without love, we are nothing. If you love each other, you would do anything for you to stay together till the end of you lives, in sickness and in wealth, in life and in death. Respect, Trust, Communication, Commitment, and Love are the elements that work in harmony towards a successful loving relationship. They play a role in maintaining the bond that joins the hearts of two people who love each other. If one of them would be lacking, then the bond would be disintegrated, thus, it allows external negative forces to further destroy that bond. To prevent divorce, couples should consider those elements in order for them to be happy for the rest of their lives.

Looking At Different Aspects Of Foster Care Social Work Essay

Looking At Different Aspects Of bring up vexation Social Work EssayA kinship c ar taste is an agreement that is commonly do between the p arnt of the pincer, the local representation and a close relative such as a grandparent or aunt on a short or long enclosure basis, the kinship carer must be approved by Warwickshire promote Panel. Where the kidskin is accommodated by the local authority that is often equal to(p) to an Interim trade Order the kinship agreement is reviewed under the Child in convey procedure s (Warwickshire County Council 2009).There is a six week timescale to grapple the kinship judgement. The promote team has the responsibility for completing this inside the timescale draw out in line with the Fostering Regulations 2002. A Viability Assessment which is put in of business 3 of the promoteing regulation 2002 requires that in that respect is a detai conduct compensate complete with references be submitted to the Fostering Panel for approval (Warwickshire Fostering run 2002). As cancel of this jural thought summons I had to complete a dickens part Health Safety Checklist Part adept during initial chaffer and Part Two during the actual judgment, which is updated annually as part of the Foster Carer review. I was compulsory to complete the initial 6 week chemical attraction Assessment on Arthur and Joan to be submitted to Warwickshire Fostering Panel approval, followed by entranceway to a Finding of Fact meeting in court.Jane is a 6 year old dual heritage female who lived close to Nuneaton message with m otherwise, ruth 28 white female vacant recovering heroin addict and her current partner Jason 35 year old unemployed white male with offending history for violence.The local authority ready been involved with Ruth and her peasant since 2008 the police touching hearty benefits to send away them that Ruths partner had been arrested for having indecent images of youngsterren on his computer and serio us abuse of babies. Ruth was advised of this but did non appear to recognise the risk he presented to Jane. The courts ordered that Ruth should only declare supervised contact overdue to this.Warwickshire Council convened a child protection conference which concluded that Jane be made subject of a child protection plan. Whilst the investigation into the neglect was ongoing, Jane stayed with her motherlike grand get Arthur and Joan his partner. Arthur is 58 year old football coach and Joan is a 62 year old retired book keeper and they live in a 3 bedroom house close to Ruth. A kinship referral was received by the Fostering Team to complete a viability assess Arthur and Joans ability to meet Janes needfully as temporary carers.Jane is still subject of a child protection plan, as well as Looked aft(prenominal) Child procedures and is subject of an Interim Care Order made in December 2009. The responsibility for completing the kinship opinion was given to the cling toing team th at I am on placement with and I was and then asked to complete the assessment under supervision. This is the type of assessment that is completed when a child is looked after and placed on a statutory order.Jane is presently experiencing problems at school with bullying because of her skin color and is in a minority. Jane is universeness teased because her hair is non the same as other children. I feel that Jane has not recognized that her mother is white and her father black. Arthur has stated that although she is not white she is his granddaughter and he doubts whether Jane even recognises her skin colour as evidentiary.It is important for the Fostering Social Worker to bewilder addition to all typesetters case files relating to the child when completing the viability assessment so that the assessment demonstrates the level of commitment the grandfather and his partner have and have had to the child (BAAF, 2009).Farmer and Moyers (2005) suggestKinship care occupies an un easy position on the boundary between the public and private spheres of warmth and this leads to a military post where some kin carers struggle to care for needy children with low levels of have got and pecuniary help.Janes maternal grandfather has shown incredible commitment including being spontaneous to give up his fulltime job to be able to meet Janes needs. This is causation tension in the relationship between Arthur and Joan as this go out importantly reduce their income. She has in any case expressed concerns at not always being able to cope with the high demands of Jane and how this has brought her relationship with Arthur to breaking point at times. When childs behaviour is causing a disruption, kinship carers (as opposed to surrogate carers) bunk to be more willinging to persevere with the difficulties faced by the child (Broad and Skinner, 2005, Colton et al, 2008 38).It is important that when examining Kinship Care that the outcome for the child is measurable, this could be in terms of regular contact with the birth parent with less supervision. edict has a propensity towards securing long term placements, children who were placed with their grandparents were the least in all likelihood to experience disruption when compared with other family or garters (Hunt et al, 2008). Some placements continued with minuscular monitoring or supervision from the social prole. In other instances social workers had allowed professional standards to fall well below what would have been acceptable to other child. This can cause the child rights to be compromised as they will not receive a service that they are entitled to (Farmer Moyers, 2005).An assessment involves appeal full and accurate facts about a service users circumstances and it is of the essence(p) during the assessment process that person being assessed is fully engaged with the assessment and as the assessor I am in continuous address with my supervisor. The study collected must be recorded in a systematic way to give a clear and accurate takeing of needs and a possible plan of action (Smale Tuson, 1993).The viability assessment must pay close attention to the circumstances around the reason wherefore the kinship arrangement is needed. Arthur and Joan realise that if they do not take on the role of carers then Jane is likely to be placed with orthogonal foster carers. The assessment includes the family to look at creating a kinship arrangement that will at best be acceptable to the child, the local authority should take in the childs extended family as an option to the mainstream fostering system when completing the assessment.The Childrens bit 1989 directs that where the child is looked after by the local authority the child should be placed with a relative, friend or significant other (www.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk accessed 16/01/2011) if this is a viable option. The Adoption and Children arrange 2002 directs that relatives must be considered in care proceedings and in line with Public Law abbreviation which emphasizes the importance of robust judicial case portion outment. The Children and Young Persons Act 2008 has led to developments that promote the childs welfare and are likely to increase the use of placements with family members. everywhere a 15 year period from 1989 to 2005 there has been a gradational increase in the numbers of children in care that are fostered with family and significant others, from 6 per cent to 12 per cent of looked after children in England (Department of Health, 2006 DfES, 2004). If a child is looked after by the Local chest and is placed with a family member or significant other for a period surpassing 6 weeks then the carer should be approved as a foster carer by the Local Authorities Fostering Panel (Warwickshire Council 2009). The Local Authority must have a clearly defined role in enabling the parent of the child to have some input in the care arrangements of their child in accord ance with section 20 of the Childrens Act 1989.Where the local authority places children in kinship care arrangements they also must assess the kinship carer(s) in line with existing legislation that applies to unrelated foster carers therefore have responsibilities to ensure that the kinship carers receive financial support in line with boarding out regulations (Warren-Adamson, 2009).The Munby judgement in 2002 set a precedent that local authorities must look at kinship carers in the same way as non related foster carers. This means that Warwickshire County Council must assess Arthur and Joan as kinship carers even though they whitethorn well already be looking after the child at the point the assessment starts.The difficulties I experienced as the Fostering Social Worker completing the assessment was mainly around the support, instruction and payment of Kinship Carers. The query also embed that Kinship Carers are unlikely to challenge parents profoundly for the kinship of the child because it can have a negative impact on the parents relationship with the Kinship Carers. One of the implications highlighted by the research document was that Kinship Carers are unlikely to go for special(prenominal) Guardianship Orders due to the reduced payments and support. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF) research found that kinship carers may resent the intrusion the assessment process will entail into their lives by statutory services and feel they are being monitored and placed under surveillance (JRF, 2002). The Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF) found that unsatisfactory placements with family and friend lasted significantly longer than with unrelated carers (Farmer Moyers, 2008).Local Authorities are required under the Childrens Act 1989 to operate a policy of less officious preventive when intervening with families. Argent (2009) draws attention to the assumption that social workers from non pagan backgrounds tend to assume that families from Black Minori ty and Ethnic groups would rather manage the kinship without outside help or they do not understand the process. Argent highlights that some minority groups have a strong instinct of kinship without any legal or statutory intervention.There are four types of kinship care these are determined by the legal status of the child that is being accommodated Fostered with a family or friend dwelling house Order Living with family and friends and a Special guardianship order. The viability assessment I undertook was to assess whether Arthur and Joan were suitable to go on to the next stage of the assessment, the Special Guardianship Order. Special Guardianship Orders were introduced in the Adoption and Children Act 2002 to go on flexibility with regards to the length of the placement. This order recognizes that long term fostering or adoption might not be an option and that this type of order gives parental responsibility until the child is 18. At present there is not a legal requirement for Warwickshire Council to explore Kinship but the legal framework implies that it is a preferred option to private fostering. A family group conference is called with a view to exploring the potential of a family member go a kinship carer (Hunt et al, 2008).The aim of the Viability Assessment is to make certain that Janes needs remain central to the assessment (Hunt et al, 2008). Milner and OByrne (2002) suggest that assessments can be change integrity into a number of stagesPreparation I gathered information from case notes and other reports that have previously been compose, in consultation with the Janes social worker we agreed on who to interview with regards to people that are a part of the extended family or wider support network and would be in contact with Jane. Preparing for the interview I ensured that I had the essential questions and an explanation of the interview train along with timescales for the viability process.Collecting data I checked on sources of writte n information for factual accuracy.Weighing the data I identified gaps, consulted colleagues and began to recognise any key facts or themes.Analysing the data I considered relevant research evidence and theory. apply the data I analysed the data and formed an opinion as to whether Janes needs would be met by Arthur and Joan.The outcome of the above process was to make a recommendation to the court.Along with the viability assessment was the health and sanctuary of the property that the child will be living in also had to be assessed. .I had to think about how the separate pieces of information complect and about their impact on the grandfather. It has been suggested it is important to avoid subjectivity and not to dismiss information that does not fit with preconceived assumptionsTaking information for granted and not checking. Getting stuck with one perspective, and failing to recognise alternative explanations. Stereotyping situations and solutions to them. Making assumptions a bout age, culture, disability or any aspect of a service users life. The way its done here approach fitting service users into the routine response of the assurance instead of focusing on the client. Using the assessment process to ration resources or disguising their absence, in other words, assessment becomes resource-led rather than needs-led (Milner and OByrne, 2002).Smale and Tuson (1993) propose deuce-ace modelings of assessment The questioning model where the worker is seen as honorable and follows a set format of questions The procedural model in which the worker gathers information in order to see if agency criteria are met The transfer model in which the service user is seen as expert in his or her own situation and the worker helps to appropriate resources and seeks to maximise potential.In conclusion, I realise that people change and as a social worker I need to be awake that new information may emerge that causes situations change, so I have to consider the impac t it has on the assessment. Although the assessment is often viewed as a separate stage to the intervention, it is also a continuous process and there is a need to constantly re-assess throughout the intervention (Milner and OByrne, 2002). I use a Task Centered Model for completing the Viability Assessment as it was a short term (6 weeks) problem solving approach with a clear beginning, middle and end, and has a specific timeframe to complete the assessesment and submit it to the court. I adopted a Solution Focused approach in my intervention as it worked with Arthur and Joan to help them to look at their strengths and to find their own solutions to challenges they may face. A Solution Focused approach enables people to see rectify futures, it can be used to focus on the positives whilst also evaluate that their strengths which are Arthur and Joans commitment to meeting Janes needs for as long as she needs them and fact that this can be used as a platform for future long term plan ning.In practice I found it difficult to choose a single model as I realized I would be using all three in this case. Firstly, the Viability Assessment for kinship involved me in the role of expert with a set format of questions, and secondly, I was conscious of the criteria for kinship to enable me to ask appropriate supplementary questions but lastly, I feel that the exchange model reflects the values of anti-oppressive practice in that Arthur is placed in a position of control and so that the process meets his expectations as well as mine as the assessing social worker. However, as social workers operating within a statutory setting we must recognize that there are pressures to conform to questioning or procedural models. To work in an anti-oppressive look is to incorporate necessary questioning, schedules and scales into an assessment that respects Arthurs expertise in caring for Jane (Smale and Tuson, 1993).

Voluntary turnover

Voluntary overthrowCHAPTER NO.1 initiationBackground1.01 Employee derange handst is a much-studied phenomenon. There is a vast writings on the defecates of spontaneous employee overturn dating back to the 1950s. 1.02 Voluntary perturbation is a major problem for numerous system of ruless in many Asian countries (Barnett, 1995 Chang, 1996 Syrett, 1994). Employee perturbation is giving sleep little(prenominal) nights to human resource managers in many countries in Asia (N arsh Khatri). Organizations be spending lots of money to knock down employee disturbance. Employee disturbance is in any case one of the issues faced by many ecesiss in Pakistan. design of the Research dissect1.03 The target ara of the study is to know the doers of employee disorder, why employee kibosh the bloods and leave the organizations and which factor influence the closely while leaving the organization.1.04 The objective of the study is to know the factors, which influence the aroun d in employee overthrow in, annunciate center industry in Pakistan.Problem statement 1.05 What are the factors of employee disturbance in the organizations?Research Questionsa) What are the reasons employees quit their pranks and leave the organizations?b) What is the role of the factors (alternatives, bearing to quit, job comfort, organisational cargo, wages and conditions, employee characteristics, training and development and influence of co-workers) in employee perturbation?c) Which factors cause the most in the employee turnover?Rational Of the Study1.06 The purpose of the investigate study Factors of employee turnover is to help divulge the managers to turn out the factors of employee turnover in the organizations. So that the managers easily quarter find, why employee is leaving the organization? According to the results they can make the plans to reduce the employee turnover in the organizations.Definitions of the Terms1.07 Employee turnover is defined as, the ra tio of fleck of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average tot up of workers.CHAPTER NO 2Literature Review2.1 Over time thither bewilder been a number of factors that appear to be consistently conjugate to turnover. An early review article of studies on turnover by Mobley (1979) revealed that age, tenure, general satisfaction, job content, intentions to remain on the job, and cargo were all negatively related to turnover (i.e. the uplifteder the covariant, the impressioner the turnover). In 1995, a meta-analysis of some 800-turnover studies was conducted by Hom and Griffith, which was recently updated (Griffith, 2000). Their analysis confirmed some well- realised findings on the causes of turnover. These include job satisfaction, organizational commitment, similarity of alternatives and intention to quit. 2.2 The chair factor cited in most studies is humbled compensation and inadequate benefits. Lack of appreciation and feeling that the employ er set the employees contributions also ranks steep on the list of reasons for employee turnover. An separate contributing factor to employee turnover is poor management. This includes such factors as poor communication from leadership, overlook of training, too much change, lack of resources necessary to do the job, lack of realisation that an employee is dissatisfied with rush development opportunities, harassment, demeaning behavior, and a lack of flexibleness toward employees. Lifestyle changes, such as the transfer of a spouse, birth of a child, or the need for a shorter commute will also cause employee turnover. (Kathleen Goolsby)2.3 Some variables and factors are examined and discussed in much detail below.Comparison of Alternatives2.4 The comparison of alternatives is a factor that die hards a role in employee turnover. The relationship amidst alternatives and turnover on an un shared out direct has been enquiryed widely since March Simons 1958 germinal work on ea se of movement.2.5 Much of the subsequent research centre on the link amongst job satisfaction, comprehend alternative opportunities and turnover. Later, investigators began to cogitate on the role of both genuine and perceived opportunities in explaining individual turnover decisions. 2.6 Subsequent research has indicated that essential alternatives are a wear predictor of individual turnover than perceived opportunities. Research on the dissemble of unemployment rates as a proxy for actual opportunities in employee turnover revealed that unemployment rates affected the job-satisfaction/turnover intent relationship but not actual turnover (Kirschenbaum Mano-Negrin, 1999). They concluded that macro level analysis predicted turnover patterns but perceptions of opportunities did not. This point was reinforced in their study on medical centers in various locations used measures of perceived and objective opportunities in intra congregation and away fag markets. The authors concluded that objectives opportunities were a better set of explanations of actual turnover behavior than each perceived internal or external labor market opportunities. 2.7 Nevertheless, while actual alternatives appear to be a better predictor of turnover, there is also well-established evidence of the link betwixt perceived alternatives and actual turnover. In their most recent meta-analysis, Griffith (2000) confirmed that perceived alternatives modestly predict turnover. Intentions to Quit 2.8 Intension to quit is one of the factors that play a role in employee turnover. Mobley (1979) noted that the relationship betwixt intentions and turnover is consistent and generally absoluteer than the satisfaction-turnover relationship, although it still accounted for less than a quarter of the variance in turnover. Much of the research on perceived opportunities has been free-base to be associated with intentions to leave but not actual turnover (Kirschenbaum Mano-Negrin, 1999). Organizational freight 2.9 Many studies have inform a earthshaking association mingled with organizational commitment and turnover intentions (Lum, 1998). Tangs (2000) study confirmed the link amid commitment and actual turnover and Griffiths (2000) analysis showed that organizational commitment was a better predictor of turnover than overall job satisfaction. 2.10 Researchers have established that there are diametric causas of organizational commitment. Allen Meyer (1990) investigated the nature of the link surrounded by turnover and the lead components of attitudinal commitment affective commitment refers to employees emotional appendage to, identification with and involvement in the organization continuance commitment refers to commitment base on costs that employees associate with leaving the organization and prescriptive commitment refers to employees feelings of obligation to remain with the organization. Simply, employees with strong affective commitment snag with an organization because they want, those with strong continuance commitment stay because they need to, and those with strong normative commitment stay because they feel they ought to. Allen and Meyers study indicated that all three components of commitment were a negative indicator of turnover. In general, most research has shew affective commitment to be the most decisive variable linked to turnover. Job Satisfaction 2.11 The relationship between satisfaction and turnover has been consistently piece in many turnover studies (Lum, 1998). Mobley 1979 indicated that overall job satisfaction is negatively linked to turnover but explained little of the disagreement in turnover. Griffith (2000) found that overall job satisfaction modestly predicted turnover. In a recent New Zealand study, Boxall (2003) found the main reason by far for large number leaving their employer was for more interesting work elsewhere. It is generally accepted that the effect of job satisfaction on turnover is less than that of organizational commitment. Characteristics of Employees 2.12 Despite a wealth of research, there appear to be few characteristics that meaningfully predict turnover, the exceptions being age and tenure. Age is found to be negatively related to turnover (i.e. the older a person, the less credibly they are to leave an organization). However, age alone explains little of the variability in turnover and as age is linked to many other factors, alone it contributes little to the understanding of turnover behavior. 2.13 Tenure is also negatively related to turnover (the longer a person is with an organization, the more potential they are to stay). Mangione in Mobley concluded that length of service is one of the surmount single predictors of turnover. Griffith also found that age and tenure have a negative relationship to turnover. 2.14 There is little evidence of a persons fetch up being linked to turnover. Griffiths 2000 meta-analysis re-examined various persona l characteristics that may be linked to turnover. They concluded that there were no differences between the quit rates of men and women. They also cited evidence that gender moderates the age-turnover relationship (i.e. women are more likely to remain in their job the older they get, than do men). They also found no link between intelligence and turnover, and none between draw and turnover. Wages and Conditions 2.15 Wages and conditions is one of the variables of the employee turnover. Mobley (1979) concluded that results from studies on the role of be in turnover were mixed but that often there was no relationship between pay and turnover. Other studies found no significant relationship. 2.16 On the other hand Campion (1991) cited in Tang suggests that the most great reason for voluntary turnover is higher wages/career opportunity. Martin (2003) investigates the determinants of labor turnover development establishment-level survey data for the UK. Martin indicated that there is an opponent relationship between congenator wages and turnover (i.e. establishments with higher relative pay had lower turnover). Pay and Performance 2.17 Griffith (2000) noted pay and pay-related variables have a modest effect on turnover. Their analysis also include studies that examined the relationship between pay, a persons performance and turnover. They concluded that when high performers are insufficiently rewarded, they leave. They cite findings from Milkovich and Newman (1999) that where collective reward programs replace individual incentives, their foot may lead to higher turnover among high performers. Attitudes to Money 2.18 For some individuals pay will not be the sole criterion when people decide to continue within an existing job. In the study of mental health professionals, Tang (2000) examined the relationship between attitudes towards money, intrinsic job satisfaction and voluntary turnover. One of the main findings of this study is that voluntary turnover is high among employees who measure out money, regardless of their intrinsic job satisfaction. However, those who do not look on money highly but who have also have low intrinsic job satisfaction tended to have the lowest actual turnover. Furthermore, employees with high intrinsic job satisfaction and who put a low value on money also had significantly higher turnover than this encourage congregation. The researchers also found that placing a high value of money predicted actual turnover but that withdrawal cognitions (i.e. thinking about leaving) did not. Training and go Development 2.19 Martin (2003) detected a complex relationship between turnover and training. He suggested that establishments that enhance the skills of existing workers have lower turnover rates. However, turnover is higher when workers are trained to be multi-skilled, which may imply that this type of training enhances the prospects of workers to find work elsewhere. The literature on the link between lower t urnover and training has found that off-the-job training is associated with higher turnover presumably because this type of training imparts more general skills (Martin, 2003). Effect of vocational Training 2.20 In a study examining the effect of apprenticeships on staminate school leavers in the UK, Booth and Satchel (1994) found that completed apprenticeships reduced voluntary job-to-job, voluntary job-to-unemployment and involuntary job termination rates. In contrast, incomplete apprenticeships tended to ontogeny the exit rate to these destinations relative to those who did not receive any training. Winkelmann (1996) reported that in Germany apprenticeships and all other types of vocational training reduce labor mobility in spite of the fact that the German apprenticeship training is intended to bequeath general and thus more transferable training. Career Commitment 2.21 Chang (1999) examined the relationship between career commitment, organizational commitment and turnover in tention among Korean researchers and found that the role of career commitment was stronger in predicting turnover intentions. When individuals are committed to the organization they are less willing to leave the company. This was found to be stronger for those highly committed to their careers. The author also found that employees with low career and organizational commitment had the highest turnover intentions because they did not care either about the company or their current careers. 2.22 Individuals with high career commitment and low organizational commitment also tend to leave because they do not believe that the organization can satisfy their career call for or goals. This is consistent with previous research that high career committers forecast leaving the company if development opportunities are not provided by the organization. However, this group is not apt to leave and is likely to contribute to the company if their organizational commitment is increased. Chang found t hat individuals become affectively committed to the organization when they perceive that the organization is pursuing internal promotion opportunities, providing proper training and that supervisors do a good job in providing information and advice about careers. Influence of Co-Workers 2.23 A 2002 study by Kirshenbaum and Weisberg of 477 employees in 15 firms examined employees job destination choices as part of the turnover process. One of their main findings was that co-workers intentions have a major significant impact on all destination options the more appointed the perception of their co-workers desire to leave, the more employees themselves wanted to leave. CHAPTER NO 3 ruleResearch Procedure3.01 The research is a descriptive study. A descriptive study can be defined as, A study that focuses on a particular situation or set of situations, reports on important aspects observed, and attempts to determine the interrelationships among them.3.02 The goal of the descriptive res earch study is to offer to researcher a profile or to describe relevant aspects of the phenomena of interest from an individual, organizational, industry- oriented, or the other prospective. (Uma Sekran) 3.03 The purpose of the research study Factors of employee turnover is to help out the managers to figure out the factors of employee turnover in the organizations. So that the managers easily can find, why employee is leaving the organization? According to the results they can make the plans to reduce the employee turnover in the organizations.Sampling3.04 The taste for the research is taken through with(predicate) the random ingest. The type of sampling is cluster sampling. In this type of sampling I have chosen one hundred employees as a sample to fill out the questionnaire. These employees are from unlike sections and their positions in the departments are also different. The sample of the employees consists of top level managers, middle level managers and non managers.Data prayerSecondary Data3.05 Secondary data is collected from the journals, newspapers, and publications and pervious research studies. Most of the data is taken from the previous research papers on employee turnover, which are available on the Internet libraries.Primary Data3.06 For the original data, I have designed a questionnaire according to factors described above in the literature review. The questionnaire is filled by degree Celsius employees from different organizations. The employees are from top level management, middle level management and no managerial level. Data Analysis3.07 Each question is analyzed by using data tabulation method tabulation consists apparently counting the number of cases that fall in to various categories. Tabulation oftenness Distribution3.08 Frequency scattering is method to conclude the questionnaires, frequency distribution method simply reports the number of responses that each question received and is the simplest way of deterring the emp irical distribution of the variable. A frequency distribution organizes data in to classes or group of values and shows the number of observations.3.09 The presentation of tabulation frequency distribution is through with(p) by column charts, bar charts and pie charts etc. CHAPTER NO 4Results and news What is your gender?Table 1GenderFrequency fortune reasonable ploughshareCumulative %Male75757575.00 womanly252525 c.00Total c100100Pie chart 14.1 This table shows that the sample of 100 questionnaires was distributed randomly among manlike and feminine employees. In which we observed that 75% were male students and 35% were female employees. What is your age?Table 2AgeFrequency character binding PercentageCumulative %20-2424242424.0025-2931313155.0030-3421212176.0035-3913131389.0040-4466695.0045-Above555100.00100100%100%Pie Chart 24.2 The above table shows that questionnaires were divided into half-dozen different age groups i.e. from 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44 45-Abo ve. forth of this 31% employees were aged from 25-29. 24% were aged from 20-24. 21% were form 30-34. 13% were from 35-39. 6% from 40-44%, 5% from 45-above.What is your department?Table 3DepartmentFrequencyPercentageValid PercentageCumulative %Administration11111111.00Marketing15151526.00Operations77733.00client Services31313164.00Finance10101074.00Human Resource17171791.00 proficient999100.00Total100100100Pie Chart 34.3 The above table shows that the questionnaire was divided in six different departments i.e. administration, marketing, operations, customer services, human resource and technical. Out of this 31% employees are from customer services, 17% from human resource, 15% from marketing, 11% administration, 10% from finance, and 9% are from technical departments.What is your position in the job?Table 4PositionFrequencyPercentageValid PercentageCumulative % glide by management14141414.00Middle management21212135.00Supervisor34343469.00other313131100.00Total100100100Pie Chart 4 4.4 This above table shows that the questionnaire divided in the employees of top management, middle management, supervisors, and other level of employees. Out of this 34% employees are from supervisory level, 31% are from other levels, 21% employees are from middle level management, 14% are from top management.What is your monthly net?Table 5SalaryFrequencyPercentageValid PercentageCumulative %on a lower floor 1500017171717.00 amid 15001-2000027272744.00Between 20001-2500021212165.00Between 25001-3000015151580.00Between 30001-3500014141484.00Between 35001-above666100.00Total 100100100Pie Chart 54.5 This above table shows that the questionnaire was divided to the employees in six different salaries ranges i.e. Below 15000, between 5001-20000, between 20001-25000, between 25001-30000, between 30001-35000, between 35001-above. Out of this 27% employees are get the salary between 15001-20000,21% getting the salary between 20001-25000, 17% getting the salary below 15000 ,15% are get ting the salary between 25001-30000,14% are getting the salary between 30001-35000, 6% are getting the salary 35001-above.For how long do you work for the organization?Table 6PeriodFrequencyPercentageValid PercentageCumulative %Less than 3 months5555.00Between 3-6 months27272732.00Between 6-12 months21212153.00Between 1-2 days15151568.00Between 2-4 years17171785.00 much than 4 years151515100.00100100100Pie Chart 64.6 This above table shows that the questionnaire divided in to employees are from six different categories i.e. less than 3 months, between 3-6 months, between 6-12 months, between 1-2 years, between 2-4 years, More than 4 years. Out of this, 21% employees are working for between 6-12 months, 27% are working for between 3-6 months, 17% are working for between 2-4 years, 15% are working for between 2-4 years More than 4 years. 5% are working for less than 3 months.Rate the following about your job satisfaction.My job means a lot more to me than just money.Table 7Frequency PercentageValid PercentageCumulative %Strongly discord26262626.00Disagree19191945

The Entertainment Industrys Standards of Beauty and Impact on Youth Es

The Entertainment Indus learns Standards of Beauty and Impact on offspring Man, I am hungry. But if I eat, I depart neer be able to look like that celebrity. These words could come come forward of a typical teenagers mouth. If a teenager sees psyche on TV, in a movie, or in a snip that he or she wishes to look like, he or she may try anything necessary to accomplish it. The standards of beauty set by the entertainment exertion at present ar having a negative effect on todays youth. Have you ever heard of Calista Flockhart, Lara Flynn Boyle, Jennifer Aniston, or Antonio Sabato Jr.? They argon all celebrities that the typical teenager idolizes, but these idolizations argon not necessarily a good thing. Unfortunately, they are all setting standards of beauty that are not only unrealistic but could prove to be good when trying to be attained. In recent years, there has been a substantive increase in the number of eating disorders, steroid use, and plastic s urgery among teenagers. The main reason for this trend is that the beauty ideal has shifted towards an increasing fierceness on thinness (Brown). In the article Body Obsessed, Rebecca Barry says that the cosmos is sending out umpteen mixed messages about being a girl (Barry 112). like a shot, women in the entertainment industry are put into umpteen different roles, but all of the roles have one thing in common. They all tend to be very beautiful and very thin. In fact, while the average body weight of women has increased, the majority of women on TV and in magazines have remained thin (Brown). This makes many people believe that actresses will try anything to lose weight. The most common ways are by either exercising or by trying one of many different kind... ... in any way, shape, or form define who they are as a person. Our main message to our youth should be self-confidence and confidence must start from within not from our outward carriage (Brown). Works Cited Barry, Rebecca. Body Obsessed. Seventeen. July 1995 112. Infotrac. Online. 24 Oct. 1999Brown, Crystal C. Modern Beauty Standards Unrealistic. The Capitol Times. Vol. 2 No. 21. Online. 03 Nov. 1999. Available http//www.capitoltimes.com.McClelland, Susan. The Lure of the Body Image In Their following for the Beefcake Look, Some Men Try Extreme Measures. Macleans. 22 Feb. 1999 38. Infotrac. Online. 18 Oct. 1999.Stevens, Liz. Todays Teen Magazines May be Sending Mixed Messages to Girls. Knight- Ridder/Tribune intelligence activity Service. 14 July 1999. Infotrac. Online. 2 Nov. 1999.

Hope in The Lesson, by Toni Cade Bambera Essay -- The Lesson

After reading Toni Cade Bambaras, The Lesson, the reader is left with a sense of hope for the first person narrator Sylvia and her friends. Following her and her friends from the slums of bracing York, to a 5th Avenue F.A.O. Swartz, one gets an idea as to the mixture of environment they came from, the type of education they received, and the sense of economic imbalance they break witness to. Through this the antagonist, Miss Moore, is able to let the children evaluate for themselves the disagreement between the Fifth Avenue world and the one they are from, at an age where the impression made upon them might generate a electric arc of desire to find out(p) how they might achieve the same rewards Fifth Avenue has to offer.The taradiddle is told from the point of view of the protagonist, first person narrator, Sylvia. Sylvia is a preteen African American girl, strong willed, intelligent, and the obvious leader of the pack. The storys temporary hookup involves a college educated black woman who comes back to an economically disfavor neighborhood on weekends and takes the local children on field trips of a sort. On this particular trip she lets the children experience their first ride in a taxicab to a toy store in Manhattan. It is played out through a chronological series of events from the metre they leave their neighborhood, until the time they arrive back there.The exposition introduces the reader to, Sylvia, Miss Moore, Sylvias friends, and the neighborhood. Sylvias friends consist of a number of round characters, such as Junebug, Mercedes, Fat Butt, and Rosie Giraffe, as head as the stock characters Sugar, Q.T. and Junior. The setting is what seems to be a 1960 circa slum.As the story develops the reader gets a glimpse of Sylvias street smar... ...lack of proper education in the poorer areas of the country, the need for parents to stand up and take responsibility for their children, and the inequality, and huge ranch that exists between the rich and the poor in the United States today.The use of Sylvia as the protagonist gave the story a real quality to it. The world as seen through the eyes of a pre-teen, streetsmart kid, and the realization that there was still a lot to learn in an unfair world. Every character was healthy defined, and seemed to have a life of their own. It was a very easy to encompass story which I believe should be a staple, if not requirement, in every urban public schoolWork CitedBambara, Toni Cade. The Lesson. Literature and cabaret An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, Nonfiction. Pamela J Annas and Robert C. Rosen. 4th Edition. Upper Saddle River, N.J 2007. P. 647-653

Life :: essays research papers

1. Evolutionary Psychology assumes that homophile behavior, estimable homogeneous world anatomy and physiology has been shaped by the evolutionary process. A. Can you give up that assumption? Yes, because it is saying that the mental mechanisms that underlie human behavior argon held in common among slew all over the world. These mental variety meat constrain and shape peoples thoughts, perceptions and behaviors. Also, evolved mechanisms in the brain channel the evolution of human societies and human culture that make some outcomes more likely than others. B. Dont the advance learning capacities of humans negate the relevance of an evolutionary approach to human behavior? No, because not all behavior is learned or just there from the beginning. According to human behavioral ecology, peoples interests are defined in evolutionary terms as wanting to maximize their fitness. 2. Evolutionary psychological science assumes that the brain is composed of many domain-specific cogniti ve modules. A. What does the phrase domain-specific mean? It bureau that there are socialized cognitive mechanisms designed to solve problems consequential in the EEA. B. Why is this assumption justified theoretically? Because empirical read shows that animals are predisposed to learn some things and not others. C. What empirical consequence exists to suggest that it is correct? A study on rats concluded that their forage aversions are based solely on the taste of foods that have make them sick, not the foods size, shape or color. However, there are certain foods that rats wont resuscitate because their diet is strictly controlled by genes. 3. Human mating and parenting behaviors are life-sustaining to fitness and should have been responsive to selection. A.Do you expect men and women to have the alike mating and parenting adaptations? Why or why not? No, because with women and men are predisposed to certain types of mating and parenting adaptations. Women tend to mate with fewer people and are more inclined to heavily partake in parenting of the offspring. workforce are generally inclined to mate with whomever, whenever, and however often they drive out and because they arent sure of paternity, they are less inclined to parenting the offspring.

A Wack On The Side Of The Head Essay examples -- essays research paper

Acute AmbiguityRoger von Oech, the agent of A Whack on the Side of the Head, makes an unusual offer that opinion at random will increase the efficiency at which ideas get under ones skin more abundant. This particular concept is certainly an original way to add together up with new, fresh problem solving techniques. Ambiguity in the humankind cannister help new ideas flow for anyone when looked at in a creative way.Chapter seven begins by explaining an example that would make the case against victimization ambiguity. In fact, the title of chapter seven is Avoid Ambiguity. While it is consecutive that vague statements leave questions unanswered, the traditional idea behind gathering data is to find specific details and clear communicated information. Ambiguous communication can be dangerous in some situations where the consequences of not understanding the breeze through picture can cause harm. Therefore, communication of specific information is required in some situations, however, the author then goes on to explain how the questionable statement or event can lead to more stainless and applicable solutions.In the event that a problem would arise in a company or social gathering that would call for a creative solution, random thinking techniques would be incredibly applicable. The author gives with child(p) examples of creative solutions and brainstorming techniques from the simple event such as a fundraiser all the way to complicated matters such as national defe...